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Measurement of ionospheric movements
Author(s) -
Kent G. S.
Publication year - 1970
Publication title -
reviews of geophysics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 8.087
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1944-9208
pISSN - 8755-1209
DOI - 10.1029/rg008i002p00229
Subject(s) - atmosphere (unit) , ionosphere , measure (data warehouse) , interpretation (philosophy) , geophysics , plasma , physics , geology , meteorology , computer science , database , programming language , quantum mechanics
The methods of measuring movements in the upper atmosphere are subdivided according to the phenomena studied into three classes: ( a ) the methods that measure the motions of the neutral atmosphere; ( b ) those that measure the motions of the ionospheric plasma; and ( c ) those that measure the motions of the plasma irregularities. The methods within each class are described, special emphasis being placed on the nature and physical significance of the phenomena being studied. An outline is given of the expected behavior of the upper atmosphere, particularly of the interaction between the neutral atmosphere and plasma and of the motions of irregularities. The results obtained within each of the classes of methods are summarized and possible relationships between them discussed. In particular, the close‐spaced antenna method, as the most widely used method for ionospheric drifts, is discussed in some detail, together with the difficulties that occur in the interpretation of its results.