Open AccessRadiative forcing calculations for CH 3 Cl and CH 3 Br
Author(s) -
Grossman Allen S.,
Grant Keith E.,
Blass William E.,
Wuebbles Donald J.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/97jd00611
Subject(s) - radiative forcing , troposphere , atmospheric sciences , radiative transfer , stratosphere , atmosphere (unit) , forcing (mathematics) , bromine , environmental science , physics , climatology , chemistry , meteorology , aerosol , geology , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics
Methyl chloride, CH 3 Cl, and methyl bromide, CH 3 Br, are particularly important in the global atmosphere as major natural sources of chlorine and bromine to the stratosphere. The production of these gases is dominated by natural sources, but smaller, important anthropogenic sources, such as agricultural fumigation and/or biomass burning, also exist. As absorbers of infrared radiation these gases are of interest for their potential effect on the tropospheric energy balance as well as for chemical interactions. In this study we estimate the radiative forcing and Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) of CH 3 Cl and CH 3 Br. Our calculations use an infrared radiative transfer model based on the correlated k ‐distribution algorithm for band absorption. Radiative forcing values of 0.0047 W/m 2 per part per billion by volume (ppbv) for CH 3 Cl in the troposphere and 0.0049 W/m 2 per ppbv for CH 3 Br in the troposphere were obtained. On a per molecule basis the radiative forcing values are about 2% of the forcing of CFC‐11 and about 270 times the forcing of CO 2 . GWPs for these gases are about 8 for CH 3 Cl and about 4 for CH 3 Br (100 year time integration, CO 2 =1). These results indicate that while CH 3 Cl and CH 3 Br have direct GWPs similar to that of CH 4 , the current emission rates are too low to contribute meaningfully to atmospheric greenhouse heating effects.