Premium
Kinetic analysis of virus adsorption and inactivation in batch experiments
Author(s) -
Grant Stanley B.,
List E. John,
Lidstrom Mary E.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
water resources research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.863
H-Index - 217
eISSN - 1944-7973
pISSN - 0043-1397
DOI - 10.1029/93wr00757
Subject(s) - adsorption , context (archaeology) , suspension (topology) , kinetic energy , virus , chemical engineering , chemistry , chromatography , materials science , thermodynamics , physics , geology , virology , biology , mathematics , classical mechanics , pure mathematics , paleontology , homotopy , engineering
The mobility and ecology of viruses in natural environments is strongly influenced by the adsorption of virus particles to sand or soil surfaces. This binding process is frequently studied by conducting batch experiments in which fluid suspensions of virus particles are contacted with the adsorbent of interest. In this report, a simple first‐order kinetic theory is presented which accounts for many of the complicated interactions that can occur when viruses contact an adsorbent in a batch system. Closed‐form solutions and numerical simulations of the model indicate that four classes of virus‐surface interactions can be identified, including quasi‐equilibrium adsorption, quasi‐equilibrium adsorption with surface sinks, quasi‐equilibrium adsorption with reduced inactivation, and direct irreversible adsorption. Based on these results, a new experimental approach for studying virus‐surface interactions is proposed and tested using a model system consisting of bacteriophage lambda and Ottawa sand. Fluid samples were collected from sand‐containing and sand‐free virus suspensions over the course of 5–6 days and analyzed for plaque forming units (PFU). These experiments were repeated using three different p H values and six different electrolyte compositions. Nondimensionalization of the PFU data from the sand‐free suspension collapsed all of the data onto a single line, as predicted by the kinetic model. When plotted in a nondimensional format, data from the sandcontaining suspensions exhibited behavior which tould readily be interpreted within the context of the kinetic model. These results suggest that the proposed approach offers a powerful alternative to conventional methods for studying virus adsorption at the solid‐liquid interface, and for predicting the potential mobility and fate of viruses in porous media.