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Comparison of Penman‐Monteith, Shuttleworth‐Wallace, and Modified Priestley‐Taylor Evapotranspiration Models for wildland vegetation in semiarid rangeland
Author(s) -
Stannard David I.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
water resources research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.863
H-Index - 217
eISSN - 1944-7973
pISSN - 0043-1397
DOI - 10.1029/93wr00333
Subject(s) - evapotranspiration , potential evaporation , latent heat , environmental science , eddy covariance , vegetation (pathology) , rangeland , sensible heat , penman–monteith equation , atmospheric sciences , evaporation , flux (metallurgy) , bowen ratio , hydrology (agriculture) , meteorology , ecosystem , geography , geology , ecology , agroforestry , metallurgy , medicine , geotechnical engineering , pathology , biology , materials science
Eddy correlation measurements of sensible and latent heat flux are used with measurements of net radiation, soil heat flux, and other micrometeorological variables to develop the Penman‐Monteith, Shuttleworth‐Wallace, and modified Priestley‐Taylor evapotranspiration models for use in a sparsely vegetated, semiarid rangeland. The Penman‐Monteith model, a one‐component model designed for use with dense crops, is not sufficiently accurate ( r 2 = 0.56 for hourly data and r 2 = 0.60 for daily data). The Shuttleworth‐Wallace model, a two‐component logical extension of the Penman‐Monteith model for use with sparse crops, performs significantly better ( r 2 = 0.78 for hourly data and r 2 = 0.85 for daily data). The modified Priestley‐Taylor model, a one‐component simplified form of the Penman potential evapotranspiration model, surprisingly performs as well as the Shuttle worth‐Wallace model. The rigorous Shuttleworth‐Wallace model predicts that about one quarter of the vapor flux to the atmosphere is from bare‐soil evaporation. Further, during daylight hours, the small leaves are sinks for sensible heat produced at the hot soil surface.