Premium
Fault stability under conditions of variable normal stress
Author(s) -
Dieterich James H.,
Linker M. F.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/92gl01821
Subject(s) - instability , mechanics , slip (aerodynamics) , slider , stress (linguistics) , stiffness , shear stress , materials science , physics , thermodynamics , engineering , composite material , linguistics , philosophy , mechanical engineering
The stability of fault slip under conditions of varying normal stress is modeled as a spring and slider system with rate‐ and state‐dependent friction. Coupling of normal stress to shear stress is achieved by inclining the spring at an angle, ø, to the sliding surface. Linear analysis yields two conditions for unstable slip. The first, of a type previously identified for constant normal stress systems, results in instability if stiffness is below a critical value. Critical stiffness depends on normal stress, constitutive parameters, characteristic sliding distance and the spring angle. Instability of the first type is possible only for velocity‐weakening friction. The second condition yields instability if spring angle ø < ‐cot −1 μ ss , where μ ss is steady‐state sliding friction. The second condition can arise under conditions of velocity strengthening or weakening. Stability fields for finite perturbations are investigated by numerical simulation.