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Regionally Variable Responses of Nitrogen Fixation to Iron and Phosphorus Enrichment in the Pacific Ocean
Author(s) -
Tanita Iwao,
Shiozaki Takuhei,
Kodama Taketoshi,
Hashihama Fuminori,
Sato Mitsuhide,
Takahashi Kazutaka,
Furuya Ken
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: biogeosciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8961
pISSN - 2169-8953
DOI - 10.1029/2021jg006542
Subject(s) - trichodesmium , ocean gyre , phosphorus , nutrient , nitrogen , nitrogen fixation , limiting , diazotroph , phosphate , upwelling , environmental science , subtropics , oceanography , environmental chemistry , biology , chemistry , ecology , geology , mechanical engineering , biochemistry , organic chemistry , engineering
Iron and phosphorus are major nutrients limiting marine nitrogen fixation. We directly assessed iron and phosphate enrichment using the surface water of the western and central North Pacific subtropical gyre (NPSG), central equatorial Pacific, and eastern South Pacific subtropical gyre (SPSG). Diazotrophic phylotypes showed regionally distinct distribution patterns. The abundances of nifH in UCYN‐A, Trichodesmium, Crocosphaera, and γ ‐24774A11 and filaments of Richelia were significantly higher in the central and western NPSG than in the eastern SPSG. The surface dissolved iron concentration was <0.2 nmol l −1 in most of the regions; however, nitrogen fixation was enhanced by the addition of iron only in the western NPSG and equatorial upwelling. In the western NPSG, where surface phosphate was almost exhausted, and levels varied below 7 nmol l −1 , diazotrophs also exhibited either phosphate limitation or colimitation by iron and phosphate. The present study demonstrated the limitation of nitrogen fixation by iron and phosphorus individually and colimitation by iron and phosphorus in the western NPSG for the first time, and the data showed that the nutrients limiting nitrogen fixation in the Pacific Ocean differed among the regions, indicating that the response of nitrogen fixation to environmental changes is not uniform.