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The Evolution of a Northward‐Propagating Buoyant Coastal Plume After a Wind Relaxation Event
Author(s) -
McSweeney Jacqueline M.,
Fewings Melanie R.,
Lerczak James A.,
Barth John A.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9291
pISSN - 2169-9275
DOI - 10.1029/2021jc017720
Subject(s) - plume , geology , front (military) , oceanography , mooring , advection , stratification (seeds) , panache , upwelling , shore , current meter , submarine pipeline , climatology , meteorology , geography , dormancy , biology , thermodynamics , seed dormancy , physics , germination , botany
After a relaxation of the regional southward, upwelling‐favorable winds along the central California coast, warm water from the Santa Barbara Channel propagates northward as a buoyant plume. As the plume transits up the coast, it causes abrupt temperature changes and modifies shelf stratification. We use temperature and velocity data from 35 moorings north of Pt. Arguello to track the evolution of a buoyant plume after a wind relaxation event in October 2017. The moorings were deployed September–October 2017 and span a ∼30 km stretch of coastline, including nine cross‐shelf transects that range from 17 to 100 m water depth. The high spatial resolution of the data set enables us to track the spatiotemporal evolution of the plume, including across‐front temperature difference, cross‐shore structure, and propagation velocity. We observe an alongshore current velocity signal that takes ∼10 hr to propagate ∼25 km alongshore (∼0.7 m/s) and a temperature signal that takes ∼34 hr to propagate the same distance (∼0.2 m/s). The plume cools as it transits northward, leading to a decrease in the cross‐front temperature difference and the reduced gravity ( g’ ). The plume’s propagation velocity is nonuniform in space and time, with accelerations and decelerations unexplained by the alongshore reduction in g’ or advection by tidal currents. As the plume reaches the northernmost part of the mooring array, its temperature variability is obscured by internal waves, a prominent feature in the region. We focus on one relaxation event but observe five other similar events over the 2 months record.