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Particulate Organic Matter Distributions in the Water Column of the Chukchi Sea During Late Summer
Author(s) -
Goñi Miguel A.,
Juranek Lauren W.,
Sipler Rachel E.,
Welch Kylie A.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9291
pISSN - 2169-9275
DOI - 10.1029/2021jc017664
Subject(s) - water column , chlorophyll a , phytoplankton , particulates , pycnocline , oceanography , environmental chemistry , chemistry , photic zone , detritus , chlorophyll , surface water , environmental science , geology , nutrient , biochemistry , organic chemistry , environmental engineering , paleontology
Two oceanographic cruises were completed in September 2016 and August 2017 to investigate the distribution of particulate organic matter (POM) across the northeast Chukchi Shelf. Both periods were characterized by highly stratified conditions, with major contrasts in the distribution of regional water masses that impacted POM distributions. Overall, surface waters were characterized by low chlorophyll fluorescence (Chl Fl < 0.8 mg m −3 ) and particle beam attenuation ( c p < 0.3 m −1 ) values, and low concentrations of particulate organic carbon (POC < 8 mmol m −3 ), chlorophyll and pheophytin (Chl + Pheo < 0.8 mg m −3 ), and suspended particulate matter (SPM ∼2 g m −3 ). Elevated Chl Fl and Chl + Pheo (∼2 mg m −3 ) values measured at mid‐depths below the pycnocline defined the subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SCM), which exhibited moderate POC (∼10 mmol m −3 ), c p (∼0.4 m −1 ) and SPM (∼3 g m −3 ). In contrast, deeper waters below the pycnocline were characterized by low Chl Fl and Chl + Pheo (∼0.7 mg m −3 ), high c p (>1.5 m −1 ) and SPM (>8 g m −3 ) and elevated POC (>10 mmol m −3 ). POM compositions from surface and SCM regions of the water column were consistent with contributions from active phytoplankton sources whereas samples from bottom waters were characterized by high Pheo/(Chl + Pheo) ratios (>0.4) indicative of altered phytoplankton detritus. Marked contrasts in POM were observed in both surface and middepth waters during both cruises. Increases in chlorophyll and POC consistent with enhanced productivity were measured in middepth waters during the September 2016 cruise following a period of downwelling‐favorable winds, and in surface waters during the August 2017 cruise following a period of upwelling‐favorable winds.