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Isolated Proton Aurora Driven by EMIC Pc1 Wave: PWING, Swarm, and NOAA POES Multi‐Instrument Observations
Author(s) -
Kim Hyangpyo,
Shiokawa Kazuo,
Park Jaeheung,
Miyoshi Yoshizumi,
Miyashita Yukinaga,
Stolle Claudia,
Connor Hyunju Kim,
Hwang Junga,
Buchert Stephan,
Kwon HyuckJin,
Nakamura Satoko,
Nakamura Kohki,
Oyama ShinIchiro,
Otsuka Yuichi,
Nagatsuma Tsutomu,
Sakaguchi Kaori
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2021gl095090
Subject(s) - ionosphere , physics , proton , magnetosphere , geophysics , cyclotron , magnetometer , polar , swarm behaviour , electron precipitation , plasma , magnetic field , latitude , computational physics , geodesy , geology , astronomy , nuclear physics , mathematical optimization , mathematics , quantum mechanics
Abstract We report the concurrent observations of F‐region plasma changes and field‐aligned currents (FACs) above isolated proton auroras (IPAs) associated with electromagnetic ion cyclotron Pc1 waves. Key events on March 19, 2020 and September 12, 2018 show that ground magnetometers and all‐sky imagers detected concurrent Pc1 wave and IPA, during which NOAA POES observed precipitating energetic protons. In the ionospheric F‐layer above the IPA zone, the Swarm satellites observed transverse Pc1 waves, which span wider latitudes than IPA. Around IPA, Swarm also detected the bipolar FAC and localized plasma density enhancement, which is occasionally surrounded by wide/shallow depletion. This indicates that wave‐induced proton precipitation contributes to the energy transfer from the magnetosphere to the ionosphere.