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Micromechanics of Sheared Granular Layers Activated by Fluid Pressurization
Author(s) -
Nguyen Hien Nho Gia,
Scholtès Luc,
Guglielmi Yves,
Donzé Frédéric Victor,
Ouraga Zady,
Souley Mountaka
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2021gl093222
Subject(s) - creep , micromechanics , overpressure , slip (aerodynamics) , materials science , cabin pressurization , geology , shear (geology) , mechanics , deformation (meteorology) , geotechnical engineering , composite material , thermodynamics , physics , composite number
Abstract Fluid pressurization of critically stressed sheared zones can trigger slip mechanisms at work in many geological processes. Using discrete element modeling, we simulate pore‐pressure‐step creep test experiments on a sheared granular layer under a sub‐critical stress state to investigate the micromechanical processes at stake during fluid induced reactivation. The global response is consistent with available experiments. The progressive increase of pore pressure promotes slow steady creep at sub‐critical stress states, and fast accelerated dynamic slip once the critical strength is overcome. Our multi‐scale analyses show that these two emergent behaviors correlate to characteristic deformation modes: diffuse deformation during creep, and highly localized deformation during rupture. Creep corresponds to bulk deformation while rupture results from grain rotations initiating from overpressure induced unlocking of contacts located within the shear band which, consequently, acts as a roller bearing for the surrounding bulk.