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Modeling Hydro‐Morphodynamic Processes During the Propagation of Fluvial Sediment Pulses: A Physics‐Based Framework
Author(s) -
CastroBolinaga Celso F.,
Diplas Panayiotis,
Bodnar Robert J.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: earth surface
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9011
pISSN - 2169-9003
DOI - 10.1029/2020jf005722
Subject(s) - fluvial , tributary , sediment , dimensionless quantity , sediment transport , phase (matter) , volcano , hydrology (agriculture) , siltation , field (mathematics) , geomorphology , limit (mathematics) , geology , environmental science , range (aeronautics) , physics , geotechnical engineering , mechanics , seismology , engineering , geography , mathematics , cartography , mathematical analysis , structural basin , quantum mechanics , aerospace engineering , pure mathematics
Fluvial sediment pulses are associated with a sudden and major increase in sediment supply to riverine environments. Their occurrence can be triggered by natural or anthropogenic factors or processes, including landslides, debris flows from tributaries, volcanic eruptions, dam removals, and mining‐related activities. To predict their propagation, decoupled (clear‐water) models are commonly used, despite shortcomings identified when simulating the initial propagation phase and the existence of coupled (sediment‐laden) models. Herein, a framework for improving the accuracy of modeling efforts that simulate fluvial sediment pulse propagation dynamics is presented. The framework is centered on a physics‐based criterion formed by a dimensionless parameter ξ and its threshold condition ξ cr . Comparison with laboratory and field studies shows that ξ indicates the relative importance of the terms neglected in decoupled models and that its threshold condition ξ cr effectively sets an upper limit for their application. Results show that decoupled models are inaccurate when ξ > ξ cr but become sufficient when ξ < ξ cr . When applied to well‐monitored fluvial sediment pulses, the framework quantifies the two‐phase propagation dynamics observed in the field, showing an initial phase characterized by ξ > ξ cr and a subsequent phase characterized by ξ ≤ ξ cr . Overall, the framework provides a physics‐based quantitative approach that addresses the limitations of decoupled models by setting an upper limit for their range of validity.