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An Enhancement of Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission and Magnetospheric Currents
Author(s) -
Nichols J. D.,
Allegrini F.,
Bagenal F.,
Bunce E. J.,
Cowley S. W. H.,
Ebert R. W.,
Grodent D.,
Huscher E.,
Kamran A.,
Kurth W. S.,
Wilson R. J.,
Yao Z.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: space physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9402
pISSN - 2169-9380
DOI - 10.1029/2020ja027904
Subject(s) - magnetosphere , physics , jupiter (rocket family) , ionosphere , plasma , planet , magnetosphere of jupiter , geophysics , astrophysics , astronomy , spacecraft , magnetopause , quantum mechanics
We present observations of Jupiter's magnetic field and plasma obtained with the NASA Juno spacecraft during February 2018, along with simultaneous Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of the planet's auroras. We show that a few‐day transient enhancement of the azimuthal and radial magnetic fields and plasma temperature was coincident with a significant brightening of Jupiter's dawn‐side main auroral emission. This presents the first evidence of control of Jupiter's main auroral emission intensity by magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling currents. We support this association by self‐consistent calculation of the magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling and radial force balance currents using an axisymmetric model, which broadly reproduces the Juno magnetic field and plasma observations and the HST auroral observations. We show that the transient enhancement can be explained by increased hot plasma pressure in the magnetosphere together with increased iogenic plasma mass outflow rate. Overall, this work provides important observational and modeling evidence revealing the behavior of Jupiter's giant magnetosphere.