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First Global‐Scale Synoptic Imaging of Solar Eclipse Effects in the Thermosphere
Author(s) -
Aryal Saurav,
Evans J. S.,
Correira John,
Burns Alan G.,
Wang Wenbin,
Solomon Stanley C.,
Laskar Fazlul I.,
McClintock William E.,
Eastes Richard W.,
Dang Tong,
Lei Jiuhou,
Liu Huixin,
Jee Geonhwa
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: space physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9402
pISSN - 2169-9380
DOI - 10.1029/2020ja027789
Subject(s) - thermosphere , solar eclipse , eclipse , atmospheric sciences , environmental science , geostationary orbit , physics , climatology , ionosphere , geology , satellite , astrophysics , astronomy
A total solar eclipse occurred in the Southern Hemisphere on 2 July 2019 from approximately 17 to 22 UT. Its effect in the thermosphere over South America was imaged from geostationary orbit by NASA's Global‐scale Observation of Limb and Disk (GOLD) instrument. GOLD observed a large brightness reduction (>80% around totality) in OI 135.6 nm and N 2 LBH band emissions compared to baseline measurements made 2 days prior. In addition, a significant enhancement (with respect to the baseline) in the ΣO/N 2 column density ratio (~80%) was observed within the eclipse's totality. This enhancement suggests that the eclipse induced compositional changes in the thermosphere. After the eclipse passed, a slight enhancement in ΣO/N 2 column density ratio (~7%) was also seen around the totality path when compared to measurements before the eclipse. These observations are the first synoptic imaging measurements of an eclipse's thermospheric effects with the potential to drastically improve and test our understanding of how the thermosphere responds to rapid, localized changes in solar short wavelength radiation.