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Large Fine‐Scale Spatiotemporal Variations of CH 4 Diffusive Fluxes From Shrimp Aquaculture Ponds Affected by Organic Matter Supply and Aeration in Southeast China
Author(s) -
Yang Ping,
Zhang Yan,
Yang Hong,
Zhang Yifei,
Xu Jin,
Tan Lishan,
Tong Chuan,
Lai Derrick Y. F.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: biogeosciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8961
pISSN - 2169-8953
DOI - 10.1029/2019jg005025
Subject(s) - mariculture , shrimp , flux (metallurgy) , estuary , environmental science , aeration , aquaculture , spatial variability , hydrology (agriculture) , fishery , ecology , biology , chemistry , fish <actinopterygii> , geology , statistics , mathematics , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry
Mariculture shrimp ponds are important CH 4 sources to the atmosphere. However, the spatiotemporal variations of CH 4 concentration and flux at fine spatial scales in mariculture ponds are poorly known, particularly in China, worlds largest aquaculture producer. In this study, the plot‐scale spatiotemporal variations of water CH 4 concentration and flux, both within and among ponds, were researched in shrimp ponds in Shanyutan wetland, Min River Estuary, Southeast China. The average water CH 4 concentration and diffusion flux across the water‐air interface in the shrimp ponds over the shrimp aquaculture period varied from 2.29 ± 0.29 to 50.48 ± 20.91 μM and from 0.09 ± 0.01 to 2.32 ± 0.95 mmol·m −2 ·hr −1 , respectively. The CH 4 emissions from the estuarine ponds varied greatly between seasons, with peaks in August and September, which was similar to the trend of water temperature and dissolved oxygen concentrations. There was no remarkable difference in CH 4 concentration and flux between shrimp ponds but significantly spatiotemporal differences in CH 4 concentration and flux within the ponds. Significantly higher emissions occurred in the feeding zone, accounting for approximately 60% of total CH 4 emission flux, while much lower CH 4 emissions appeared in aeration zone, contributing 14% to total flux. This study suggests the importance of considering spatiotemporal variation in the whole‐pond estimates of CH 4 concentration and flux. In light of such high spatial variation within ponds, improving aeration and feed utilization efficiency would help to mitigate CH 4 emissions from mariculture ponds.