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Statistical Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distributions and Parameters in Central China During the Meiyu Seasons
Author(s) -
Fu Zhikang,
Dong Xiquan,
Zhou Lingli,
Cui Wenjun,
Wang Jingyu,
Wan Rong,
Leng Liang,
Xi Baike
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8996
pISSN - 2169-897X
DOI - 10.1029/2019jd031954
Subject(s) - disdrometer , environmental science , atmospheric sciences , yangtze river , rain gauge , monsoon , zoology , hydrology (agriculture) , climatology , meteorology , precipitation , china , geography , physics , geology , biology , geotechnical engineering , archaeology
The rain parameters derived from the laser OTT second‐generation Particle Size Velocity (Parsivel 2 ), the two‐dimensional video disdrometer (2DVD), and DZZ5 tipping‐bucket rain gauge (RG) during the Integrative Monsoon Frontal Rainfall Experiment (IMFRE) in summer 2018 are compared. The total rainfall amounts observed by Parsivel, 2DVD, and RG during IMFRE were 178.07, 176.76, and 182.5 mm, while their total rainy hours were 113, 113, and 90. The mean D m (mass‐weighted mean diameter) and LWC (liquid water content) values derived from Parsivel and 2DVD were 1.03 and 1.01 mm and 0.247 and 0.223 g m −3 . The rainy samples from six Parsivel sites over the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2016–2018 Meiyu seasons have been collected and analyzed. The occurrence frequencies for rain rates ( RR ) < 5 and >10 mm hr −1 were 83.9% and 7.4%, respectively, but they contributed 30.5% and 52.1% of the total accumulated rainfall. Compared with the results over the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the total accumulated rainfall percentages for RR < 5 mm hr −1 and RR > 10 mm hr −1 observed at XN site were higher and lower, respectively. The stratiform rain (SR) raindrop size increases with RR over both the middle and lower reaches, whereas the N w values over the middle reaches are much higher. Opposite to the SR results, the convective rain (CR) raindrops from this study are larger, while their N w values are similar to one another. For gamma‐type‐size distribution, the μ − λ and Z − R relations are strongly dependent on geographical location.