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On the Recent Amplification of Dust Over the Arabian Peninsula During 2002–2012
Author(s) -
Ravi Kumar Kunchala,
Attada Raju,
Dasari Hari Prasad,
Vellore Ramesh K.,
Abualnaja Yasser O.,
Ashok Karumuri,
Hoteit Ibrahim
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8996
pISSN - 2169-897X
DOI - 10.1029/2019jd030695
Subject(s) - environmental science , atmospheric sciences , peninsula , climatology , mineral dust , dryness , radiative transfer , flux (metallurgy) , satellite , meteorology , geography , aerosol , geology , physics , chemistry , medicine , surgery , archaeology , quantum mechanics , astronomy , organic chemistry
Abstract Using available satellite observations and Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version‐2 data sets for the period 1980–2016, this study reveals a summertime dust amplification over the Arabian Peninsula (AP) during about past two decades. Our results demonstrate a significant positive trend in summertime dust loading over the AP since the year 2002, with a maximum increase of 21% over the southern Red Sea. The increased summertime dust over the southern AP is attributed to the intensification of the remote dust transport from the Sahara Desert through Sudan by a strengthened Tokar Gap westerly jet and a general increased gustiness in the AP. Furthermore, increased both air and soil temperature and reduction in the soil moisture along with increased sensible heat flux led to increased local dryness in the AP and played a significant role in enhancing wind‐induced localized dust emissions therein. The associated changes in the AP include an enhancement of net radiative fluxes, particularly the long wave radiative flux.