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Formation, Development, and Propagation of a Rare Coastal Coccolithophore Bloom
Author(s) -
Matson Paul G.,
Washburn Libe,
Fields Erik A.,
Gotschalk Chris,
Ladd Tanika M.,
Siegel David A.,
Welch Zoë S.,
IglesiasRodriguez M. Debora
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9291
pISSN - 2169-9275
DOI - 10.1029/2019jc015072
Subject(s) - coccolithophore , bloom , coccolith , emiliania huxleyi , diatom , oceanography , phytoplankton , algal bloom , water column , population , paleoceanography , geology , environmental science , biology , ecology , chemistry , nutrient , carbonate , demography , organic chemistry , sociology
This study examines an unprecedented bloom of Emiliania huxleyi along the California coast during the NE Pacific warm anomaly of 2014–2015. Observations of coccolithophore populations from microscopy and flow cytometry, surface current data derived from high‐frequency radar, and satellite ocean color imagery were used to track the population dynamics of the bloom in the Santa Barbara Channel. Results show a coastal bloom of mostly E. huxleyi that reached cell concentrations up to 5.7 × 10 6 cells per liter and a maximum spatial extent of 1,220 km 2 . We speculate that the rare cooccurrence of warm water, high water column stability, and an extensive preceding diatom bloom during the anomaly contributed to the development of this bloom. Flow cytometry measurements provided insight on the phases of bloom development (e.g., growth versus senescence) with calcified cells comprising up to 64% of particles containing chlorophyll a and detached‐coccolith:cell ratios ranging from 10 to >100. Lagrangian particle trajectories estimated during two nonoverlapping 48‐ and 72‐hr periods showed the changes in the surface structure of the bloom due to advection by surface currents and nonconservative biological and physical processes. Time rates of change of particulate inorganic carbon were estimated along particle trajectories, with rates ranging from −4 to 6 μmol·L −1 ·day −1 . The approach presented here is likely to be useful for understanding the evolution of coastal phytoplankton bloom events in a general setting.