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Temporal Variations in Scrubbing of Magmatic Gases at the Summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Author(s) -
Hurwitz Shaul,
Anderson Kyle R.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2019gl085904
Subject(s) - volcano , data scrubbing , groundwater , magma , geology , geochemistry , summit , earth science , volcanic gases , stockpile , magmatic water , environmental science , meteoric water , physical geography , waste management , geotechnical engineering , geography , engineering , physics , nuclear physics
Measurements of gas compositions and emission rates play a major role in monitoring restless volcanoes. However, thermodynamic calculations imply that scrubbing by groundwater will prevent most HCl and significant SO 2 emissions until dry pathways are established, thus leading to underestimates of gas released from magma and magma volumes. Despite the significance, direct evidence for scrubbing is mostly lacking. Based on 50 water samples collected between 2003 and 2011 from the deep NSF Well at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, we show that the chemical and stable isotope compositions of groundwater were modified by magmatic gas condensation. Temporal variations of dissolved SO 4 2− and Cl − in the water coincided with changes in magmatic and volcanic activities. The temporal variations in water level and chemical and isotopic compositions support prior inferences of magmatic SO 2 and HCl scrubbing by groundwater at Kīlauea Volcano.