Premium
Acoustical Measurement of Natural Lightning Flashes: Reconstructions and Statistical Analysis of Energy Spectra
Author(s) -
Lacroix Arthur,
Farges Thomas,
Marchiano Régis,
Coulouvrat François
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8996
pISSN - 2169-897X
DOI - 10.1029/2018jd028814
Subject(s) - thunder , thunderstorm , spectral line , physics , acoustics , geology , bandwidth (computing) , remote sensing , meteorology , computer science , telecommunications , astronomy
Twenty‐seven natural flashes of three thunderstorms which occurred during October 2012 in Southern France are acoustically reconstructed and analyzed in the [0.1 − 180]‐Hz frequency bandwidth and the [0.3 − 20]‐km distance range. A 50‐m triangular array of four recalibrated microphones sampled at 500 Hz has been used for the recording. A novel method of separation of return strokes from intracloud discharges within the acoustical signal is detailed and systematically applied. It shows the possibility to separate nearby cloud‐to‐ground (CG) events or nearby and distant CGs of the same flash. The separation method yields a total of 36 return stroke signals and spectra, along with some intracloud signals. The combination of reconstruction, separation, and frequency analysis provides new insights on the origin of thunder infrasound, showing unambiguously that thunder infrasound originate dominantly from return strokes. Apart from the higher amplitude of CGs, no clear difference between intracloud and CG spectra is observed. No sharp frequency peaks can be put into evidence. The spectral variability with distance is highlighted, especially for the total acoustic energy and the center frequency and bandwidth. A link between acoustic energy and impulse charge moment change is also found, though only by a small number of data.