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Decadal Trends in Wet Sulfur Deposition in China Estimated From OMI SO 2 Columns
Author(s) -
Zhang X. Y.,
Chuai X. W.,
Liu L.,
Zhang W. T.,
Lu X. H.,
Zhao L. M.,
Chen D. M.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8996
pISSN - 2169-897X
DOI - 10.1029/2018jd028770
Subject(s) - deposition (geology) , environmental science , china , atmospheric sciences , precipitation , ozone monitoring instrument , climatology , physical geography , spatial distribution , geography , meteorology , troposphere , geology , remote sensing , archaeology , sediment , paleontology
Long‐term (from 2005 to 2016) trends in wet SO 4 2− deposition across China are assessed using Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) SO 2 columns within the planetary boundary layer. The models for estimating monthly SO 4 2− deposition from precipitation in eight ecological regions are constructed based on SO 2 columns and ground‐based measurements. An accuracy assessment shows that the models achieve highly precise predictive values for monthly deposition ( R = 0.93, with a relative/absolute error of −0.1/0.3 kg S · ha −1 · month −1 ). In terms of spatial distribution, SO 4 2− deposition shows substantial variations across China, ranging from 0.9 to 63.9 kg S · ha −1 · year −1 , with an average of 10.4 kg S · ha −1 · year −1 . Additionally, wet SO 4 2− deposition shows significant seasonal variations, increasing from January to July and then decreasing thereafter. Regarding long‐term trends, the wet SO 4 2− deposition in northern, central, and southern China decreased at rates of 0.009, 0.001, and 0.0009 kg S · ha −1 · month −1 , respectively. In contrast, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai‐Tibet, and northwest and northeast China showed increasing deposition trends. In general, the wet SO 4 2− deposition in 2016 decreased by 4.3% from that in 2005 on a national scale, indicating that air quality policies to control SO 2 emissions have had some effects on wet SO 4 2− deposition.