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Bridging Thermal Infrared Sensing and Physically‐Based Evapotranspiration Modeling: From Theoretical Implementation to Validation Across an Aridity Gradient in Australian Ecosystems
Author(s) -
Mallick Kaniska,
Toivonen Erika,
Trebs Ivonne,
Boegh Eva,
Cleverly James,
Eamus Derek,
Koivusalo Harri,
Drewry Darren,
Arndt Stefan K.,
Griebel Anne,
Beringer Jason,
Garcia Monica
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
water resources research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.863
H-Index - 217
eISSN - 1944-7973
pISSN - 0043-1397
DOI - 10.1029/2017wr021357
Subject(s) - evapotranspiration , arid , environmental science , atmospheric sciences , sensible heat , ecosystem , energy balance , aridity index , eddy covariance , emissivity , hydrology (agriculture) , ecology , physics , geology , geotechnical engineering , optics , biology
Abstract Thermal infrared sensing of evapotranspiration ( E ) through surface energy balance (SEB) models is challenging due to uncertainties in determining the aerodynamic conductance ( g A ) and due to inequalities between radiometric ( T R ) and aerodynamic temperatures ( T 0 ). We evaluated a novel analytical model, the Surface Temperature Initiated Closure (STIC1.2), that physically integrates T R observations into a combined Penman‐Monteith Shuttleworth‐Wallace (PM‐SW) framework for directly estimating E , and overcoming the uncertainties associated with T 0 and g A determination. An evaluation of STIC1.2 against high temporal frequency SEB flux measurements across an aridity gradient in Australia revealed a systematic error of 10–52% in E from mesic to arid ecosystem, and low systematic error in sensible heat fluxes ( H ) (12–25%) in all ecosystems. Uncertainty in T R versus moisture availability relationship, stationarity assumption in surface emissivity, and SEB closure corrections in E were predominantly responsible for systematic E errors in arid and semi‐arid ecosystems. A discrete correlation ( r ) of the model errors with observed soil moisture variance ( r = 0.33–0.43), evaporative index ( r = 0.77–0.90), and climatological dryness ( r = 0.60–0.77) explained a strong association between ecohydrological extremes and T R in determining the error structure of STIC1.2 predicted fluxes. Being independent of any leaf‐scale biophysical parameterization, the model might be an important value addition in working group (WG2) of the Australian Energy and Water Exchange (OzEWEX) research initiative which focuses on observations to evaluate and compare biophysical models of energy and water cycle components.