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Parameterization of contrail radiative properties for climate studies
Author(s) -
Xie Yu,
Yang Ping,
Liou KuoNan,
Minnis Patrick,
Duda David P.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2012gl054043
Subject(s) - ice crystals , longwave , radiative forcing , environmental science , shortwave , radiative transfer , ice cloud , atmospheric sciences , cirrus , moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer , optical depth , atmospheric radiative transfer codes , remote sensing , forcing (mathematics) , effective radius , cloud physics , brightness temperature , lidar , meteorology , climate model , aerosol , climate change , brightness , physics , geology , cloud computing , optics , satellite , oceanography , quantum mechanics , astronomy , galaxy , computer science , operating system
The study of contrails and their impact on global climate change requires a cloud model that statistically represents contrail radiative properties. In this study, the microphysical properties of global contrails are statistically analyzed using collocated Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Cloud Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) observations. The MODIS contrail pixels are detected using an automated contrail detection algorithm and a manual technique using the brightness temperature differences between the MODIS 11 and 12 μ m channels. The scattering and absorption properties of typical contrail ice crystals are used to determine an appropriate contrail model to minimize the uncertainties arising from the assumptions in a particular cloud model. The depolarization ratio is simulated with a variety of ice crystal habit fractions and matched to the collocated MODIS and CALIOP observations. The contrail habit fractions are determined and used to compute the bulk‐scattering properties of contrails. A parameterization of shortwave and longwave contrail optical properties is developed for the spectral bands of the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTM). The contrail forcing at the top of the atmosphere is investigated using the RRTM and compared with spherical and hexagonal ice cloud models. Contrail forcing is overestimated when spherical ice crystals are used to represent contrails, but if a hexagonal ice cloud model is used, the forcing is underestimated for small particles and overestimated for large particles in comparison to the contrail model developed in this study.