Premium
Ubiquitous low‐level liquid‐containing Arctic clouds: New observations and climate model constraints from CALIPSO‐GOCCP
Author(s) -
Cesana G.,
Kay J. E.,
Chepfer H.,
English J. M.,
Boer G.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2012gl053385
Subject(s) - arctic , lidar , environmental science , climatology , climate model , radiative transfer , the arctic , atmospheric sciences , meteorology , climate change , remote sensing , oceanography , geography , geology , physics , quantum mechanics
Ground‐based observations show that persistent liquid‐containing Arctic clouds occur frequently and have a dominant influence on Arctic surface radiative fluxes. Yet, without a hemispheric multi‐year perspective, the climate relevance of these intriguing Arctic cloud observations was previously unknown. In this study, Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) observations are used to document cloud phase over the Arctic basin (60–82°N) during a five‐year period (2006–2011). Over Arctic ocean‐covered areas, low‐level liquid‐containing clouds are prevalent in all seasons, especially in Fall. These new CALIPSO observations provide a unique and climate‐relevant constraint on Arctic cloud processes. Evaluation of one climate model using a lidar simulator suggests a lack of liquid‐containing Arctic clouds contributes to a lack of “radiatively opaque” states. The surface radiation biases found in this one model are found in multiple models, highlighting the need for improved modeling of Arctic cloud phase.