Open AccessSignatures and significance of aeolian, fluvial, bacterial and diagenetic magnetic mineral fractions in Late Quaternary marine sediments off Gambia, NW Africa
Author(s) -
Just Janna,
Dekkers Mark J.,
Dobeneck Tilo,
Hoesel Annelies,
Bickert Torsten
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.928
H-Index - 136
ISSN - 1525-2027
DOI - 10.1029/2012gc004146
Subject(s) - geology , fluvial , diagenesis , aeolian processes , stadial , siliciclastic , environmental magnetism , geochemistry , quaternary , paleoclimatology , sedimentary depositional environment , magnetite , paleontology , oceanography , geomorphology , glacial period , climate change , structural basin
Two gravity cores retrieved off NW Africa at the border of arid and subtropical environments (GeoB 13602–1 and GeoB 13601–4) were analyzed to extract records of Late Quaternary climate change and sediment export. We apply end‐member (EM) unmixing to 350 acquisition curves of isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM). Our approach enables to discriminate rock magnetic signatures of aeolian and fluvial material, to determine biomineralization and reductive diagenesis. Based on the occurrence of pedogenically formed magnetic minerals in the fluvial and aeolian EMs, we can infer that goethite formed in favor to hematite in more humid climate zones. The diagenetic EM dominates in the lower parts of the cores and within a thin near‐surface layer probably representing the modern Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ redox boundary. Up to 60% of the IRM signal is allocated to a biogenic EM underlining the importance of bacterial magnetite even in siliciclastic sediments. Magnetosomes are found well preserved over most of the record, indicating suboxic conditions. Temporal variations of the aeolian and fluvial EMs appear to faithfully reproduce and support trends of dry and humid conditions on the continent. The proportion of aeolian to fluvial material was dramatically higher during Heinrich Stadials, especially during Heinrich Stadial 1. Dust export from the Arabian‐Asian corridor appears to vary contemporaneous to increased dust fluxes at the continental margin of NW Africa emphasizing that meltwater discharge in the North Atlantic had an enormous impact on atmospheric dynamics.