Premium
Clean access, measurement, and sampling of Ellsworth Subglacial Lake: A method for exploring deep Antarctic subglacial lake environments
Author(s) -
Siegert Martin J.,
Clarke Rachel J.,
Mowlem Matt,
Ross Neil,
Hill Christopher S.,
Tait Andrew,
Hodgson Dominic,
Parnell John,
Tranter Martyn,
Pearce David,
Bentley Michael J.,
Cockell Charles,
Tsaloglou MariaNefeli,
Smith Andy,
Woodward John,
Brito Mario P.,
Waugh Ed
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
reviews of geophysics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 8.087
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1944-9208
pISSN - 8755-1209
DOI - 10.1029/2011rg000361
Subject(s) - sampling (signal processing) , antarctic ice sheet , geology , sediment , scientific drilling , oceanography , earth science , glacier , shelf ice , physical geography , drilling , hydrology (agriculture) , geomorphology , ice shelf , cryosphere , geography , computer science , geotechnical engineering , filter (signal processing) , computer vision , sea ice , mechanical engineering , engineering
Antarctic subglacial lakes are thought to be extreme habitats for microbial life and may contain important records of ice sheet history and climate change within their lake floor sediments. To find whether or not this is true, and to answer the science questions that would follow, direct measurement and sampling of these environments are required. Ever since the water depth of Vostok Subglacial Lake was shown to be >500 m, attention has been given to how these unique, ancient, and pristine environments may be entered without contamination and adverse disturbance. Several organizations have offered guidelines on the desirable cleanliness and sterility requirements for direct sampling experiments, including the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research. Here we summarize the scientific protocols and methods being developed for the exploration of Ellsworth Subglacial Lake in West Antarctica, planned for 2012–2013, which we offer as a guide to future subglacial environment research missions. The proposed exploration involves accessing the lake using a hot‐water drill and deploying a sampling probe and sediment corer to allow sample collection. We focus here on how this can be undertaken with minimal environmental impact while maximizing scientific return without compromising the environment for future experiments.