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Fungus, not comet or catastrophe, accounts for carbonaceous spherules in the Younger Dryas “impact layer”
Author(s) -
Scott Andrew C.,
Pinter Nicholas,
Collinson Margaret E.,
Hardiman Mark,
Anderson R. Scott,
Brain Anthony P. R.,
Smith Selena Y.,
Marone Federica,
Stampai Marco
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2010gl043345
Subject(s) - younger dryas , geology , pleistocene , paleontology , sedimentary rock , holocene , geochemistry , earth science
A claim attributes the onset of the Younger Dryas climate interval and a range of other effects ∼12,900 years ago to a comet airburst and/or impact event. One key aspect of this claim centers on the origin of carbonaceous spherules that purportedly formed during intense, impact‐ignited wildfires. Samples from Pleistocene‐Holocene sedimentary sequences in the California Channel Islands and other sites show that carbon spherules and elongate forms are common in samples dating to before, during, and well after the 12,900‐year time horizon, including from modern samples. Microscopic studies show that carbon spherules have morphologies and internal structures identical to fungal sclerotia (such as Sclerotium and Cenococcum ). Experimental charring of fungal sclerotia shows that their reflectance increases with temperature. Reflectance measurements of modern and late Pleistocene spherules show that the latter indicate, at most, low‐intensity burning. These data cast further doubt upon the evidence suggesting a catastrophic Younger Dryas impact event.