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Separation of atmosphere‐ocean‐vegetation feedbacks and synergies for mid‐Holocene climate
Author(s) -
Otto J.,
Raddatz T.,
Claussen M.,
Brovkin V.,
Gayler V.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2009gl037482
Subject(s) - atmosphere (unit) , vegetation (pathology) , environmental science , climatology , forcing (mathematics) , orbital forcing , atmospheric sciences , atmospheric model , general circulation model , holocene , climate change , climate model , insolation , geology , meteorology , oceanography , geography , medicine , pathology
We determine both the impact of atmosphere‐ocean and atmosphere‐vegetation feedback, and their synergy on northern latitude climate in response to the orbitally‐induced changes in mid‐Holocene insolation. For this purpose, we present results of eight simulations using the general circulation model ECHAM5‐MPIOM including the land surface scheme JSBACH with a dynamic vegetation module. The experimental set‐up allows us to apply a factor‐separation technique to isolate the contribution of dynamic Earth system components (atmosphere, atmosphere‐ocean, atmosphere‐vegetation, atmosphere‐ocean‐vegetation) to the total climate change signal. Moreover, in order to keep the definition of seasons consistent with insolation forcing, we define the seasons on an astronomical basis. Our results reveal that north of 40°N atmosphere‐vegetation feedback (maximum in spring of 0.08°C) and synergistic effects (maximum in winter of 0.25°C) are weaker than in previous studies. The most important modification of the orbital forcing is related to the atmosphere‐ocean component (maximum in autumn of 0.78°C).