Open AccessStrain localization along the Atlantis Bank oceanic detachment fault system, Southwest Indian Ridge
Author(s) -
Miranda Elena A.,
John Barbara E.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.928
H-Index - 136
ISSN - 1525-2027
DOI - 10.1029/2009gc002646
Subject(s) - geology , cataclastic rock , brittleness , plagioclase , seafloor spreading , fault (geology) , detachment fault , seismology , geochemistry , mineralogy , composite material , tectonics , materials science , geophysics , paleontology , quartz , extensional definition
Microstructural observations and mineral thermometry from in situ samples collected from the Atlantis Bank oceanic core complex (SW Indian Ridge) indicate that detachment faulting was initiated under hypersolidus conditions in the ductile regime and continued through subgreenschist temperatures through the ductile, semibrittle, and brittle regimes as strain localized along the exposed, now subhorizontal fault surface. Ductile, semibrittle, and brittle fabrics are developed within dominantly gabbroic rocks. Footwall rocks exhibit crystal plastic fabrics distributed over a structural thickness up to 400 m below the denuded fault surface exposed at the seafloor, whereas semibrittle and brittle fabrics are concentrated in the 80 and 30 m immediately below the principal slip surface of the detachment fault, respectively. Sample fabrics suggest that strain localization was achieved by dynamic recrystallization of plagioclase at temperatures between 910°C and 650°C, by amphibole‐accommodated dissolution‐precipitation creep at temperatures ∼750°C–450°C, by chlorite‐accommodated reaction softening at temperatures ∼450°C–300°C, and by brittle fracturing and cataclasis at temperatures <300°C.