Open AccessEffects of bora wind on physical and biogeochemical properties of stratified waters in the northern Adriatic
Author(s) -
Boldrin A.,
Carniel S.,
Giani M.,
Marini M.,
Bernardi Aubry F.,
Campanelli A.,
Grilli F.,
Russo A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/2008jc004837
Subject(s) - biogeochemical cycle , water column , oceanography , phytoplankton , environmental science , nutrient , algal bloom , geology , stratification (seeds) , environmental chemistry , chemistry , seed dormancy , germination , botany , dormancy , biology , organic chemistry
Wind forcing plays a key role in controlling the water column structure and circulation in the northern Adriatic Sea. Through shipboard observations and numerical modeling, we have documented the changing of oceanographic features before, during, and after a sequence of cold northeasterly bora wind pulses that occurred during stratified conditions in late September 2002. High‐resolution meteorological, hydrodynamic, and wave model outputs were related to in situ observations of hydrologic parameters, dissolved nutrients and oxygen, suspended matter biogeochemical properties, and phytoplankton. The bora intensified the southward flowing coastal current along the Italian coast, establishing a frontal system that typically exists in winter. The bora also caused complete vertical mixing to 20–25 m in the water column, an influx of warm salty water from the south along the Croatian coast, and increased resuspension and southward transport of bottom sediments for the combined effects of currents and waves. The effects on the bottom were limited to the western coastal belt, as in the deeper central part of the basin hypoxic conditions were present during the whole observing period. During the bora, the concentration of inorganic dissolved nutrients in the bottom water increased consistently with the release of nutrients from the sediments and with the mineralization processes. Resuspension of bottom layer sediment represents an important source of nutrients for the water column in this period. The higher level of nutrients was observed together with an increase in phytoplankton biomass, suggesting a potential trigger for the autumnal phytoplankton bloom in the northern Adriatic. Finally, bora events seem to be able to generate a relevant increase of nutrient export from the northern Adriatic through the intensified Adriatic western coastal current, so they could play a relevant role in the nutrient balance of the basin.