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Recent radical shifts of atmospheric circulations and rapid changes in Arctic climate system
Author(s) -
Zhang Xiangdong,
Sorteberg Asgeir,
Zhang Jing,
Gerdes Rüdiger,
Comiso Josefino C.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2008gl035607
Subject(s) - climatology , climate change , arctic , arctic oscillation , environmental science , arctic sea ice decline , tipping point (physics) , abrupt climate change , arctic geoengineering , runaway climate change , forcing (mathematics) , greenhouse gas , arctic ice pack , atmospheric sciences , global warming , north atlantic oscillation , sea ice , effects of global warming , oceanography , geology , northern hemisphere , sea ice thickness , engineering , antarctic sea ice , electrical engineering
Arctic climate system change has accelerated tremendously since the beginning of this century, and a strikingly extreme sea‐ice loss occurred in summer 2007. However, the greenhouse‐gas‐emissions forcing has only increased gradually and the driving role in Arctic climate change of the positively‐polarized Arctic/North Atlantic Oscillation (AO/NAO) trend has substantially weakened. Although various contributing factors have been examined, the fundamental physical process, which orchestrates these contributors to drive the acceleration and the latest extreme event, remains unknown. We report on drastic, systematic spatial changes in atmospheric circulations, showing a sudden jump from the conventional tri‐polar AO/NAO to an unprecedented dipolar leading pattern, following accelerated northeastward shifts of the AO/NAO centers of action. These shifts provide an accelerating impetus for the recent rapid Arctic climate system changes, perhaps shedding light on recent arguments about a tipping point of global‐warming‐forced climate change in the Arctic. The radical spatial shift is a precursor to the observed extreme change event, demonstrating skilful information for future prediction.