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Extreme runup from the 17 July 2006 Java tsunami
Author(s) -
Fritz Hermann M.,
Kongko Widjo,
Moore Andrew,
McAdoo Brian,
Goff James,
Harbitz Carl,
Uslu Burak,
Kalligeris Nikos,
Suteja Debora,
Kalsum Kenia,
Titov Vasily,
Gusman Aditya,
Latief Hamzah,
Santoso Eko,
Sujoko Sungsang,
Djulkarnaen Dodi,
Sunendar Haris,
Synolakis Costas
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2007gl029404
Subject(s) - geology , shore , tsunami earthquake , tsunami wave , seismology , java , submarine , submarine pipeline , oceanography , submarine landslide , magnitude (astronomy) , physics , astronomy , computer science , programming language
The 17 July 2006 magnitude M w 7.8 earthquake off the south coast of western Java, Indonesia, generated a tsunami that effected over 300 km of coastline and killed more than 600 people, with locally focused runup heights exceeding 20 m. This slow earthquake was hardly felt on Java, and wind waves breaking masked any preceding withdrawal of the water from the shoreline, making this tsunami difficult to detect before impact. An International Tsunami Survey Team was deployed within one week and the investigation covered more than 600 km of coastline. Measured tsunami heights and run‐up distributions were uniform at 5 to 7 m along 200 km of coast; however there was a pronounced peak on the south coast of Nusa Kambangan, where the tsunami impact carved a sharp trimline in a forest at elevations up to 21 m and 1 km inland. Local flow depth exceeded 8 m along the elevated coastal plain between the beach and the hill slope. We infer that the focused tsunami and runup heights on the island suggest a possible local submarine slump or mass movement.