Open AccessLinear theory of electron temperature anisotropy instabilities: Whistler, mirror, and Weibel
Author(s) -
Gary S. Peter,
Karimabadi Homa
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: space physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/2006ja011764
Subject(s) - whistler , physics , instability , electron , anisotropy , excited state , atomic physics , plasma , dispersion relation , electron temperature , weibel instability , condensed matter physics , optics , quantum mechanics
A collisionless, homogeneous plasma in which the electron velocity distribution is a bi‐Maxwellian with T ⊥ e > T ∥ e , where the directional subscripts refer to directions relative to the background magnetic field B o , can support the growth of two distinct instabilities. Linear dispersion theory predicts that the whistler anisotropy instability is excited with maximum growth rate γ m at k × B o = 0 and real frequency ω r greater than the proton cyclotron frequency, whereas the electron mirror instability is excited at propagation oblique to B o and zero real frequency. In an unmagnetized plasma with a similarly anisotropic electron distribution the electron Weibel instability may be excited with zero real frequency and maximum growth rate in the direction of the minimum temperature. Here linear theory is used to compare dispersion and threshold properties of these three growing modes. For 0.10 ≤ β ∥ e ≤ 1000, the whistler has a larger γ m and a smaller anisotropy threshold than the electron mirror, so that the former mode should dominate in homogeneous plasmas for most physical values of electron β . Threshold conditions describing electron temperature anisotropies and parallel wave numbers at given maximum growth rates are presented for each instability.