Open AccessEffect of IMF B y on thermospheric composition at high and middle latitudes: 2. Data comparisons
Author(s) -
Immel Thomas J.,
Crowley Geoff,
Hackert Chris L.,
Craven John D.,
Roble Ray G.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: space physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/2005ja011372
Subject(s) - thermosphere , latitude , earth's magnetic field , atmospheric sciences , middle latitudes , polar , physics , ionosphere , geology , geophysics , geodesy , magnetic field , quantum mechanics , astronomy
The strength and orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) has a strong effect on the high‐latitude plasma convection pattern, thereby influencing the speed and direction of polar thermospheric winds. The possibility of similar IMF control over the compositional response of the thermosphere during geomagnetic disturbances has not been fully investigated. This study finds that the y‐component of the IMF (IMF B y ) exerts significant control over the development and subsequent equatorward transport of composition disturbances during periods of heightened geomagnetic activity. This is determined using the NCAR‐TIMEGCM to simulate the thermospheric conditions during the first 3 weeks far‐ultraviolet (FUV) imaging operations of the Dynamics Explorer 1 (DE‐1) mission in 1981. The images reveal changes in the relative thermospheric column abundance of O versus N 2 (ΣO/N 2 ). These changes are reproduced by the model, incorporating variable IMF strength and orientation as inputs. It is found that simple reversal of IMF B y leads to subsequent changes in ΣO/N 2 at middle latitudes by as much as 30%. This is a manifestation of the effect identified in the companion to this report (Crowley et al., 2006). The study confirms the hypothesis of Immel et al. (1997) that IMF‐ B y effects on middle‐latitude thermospheric composition are important, though more complex than expected. Contrary to previous predictions, early morning local times are shown to be more likely to suffer large decreases in ΣO/N 2 when B y is negative. However, the overall magnitude of high‐latitude Joule heating is found to be greater when B y is positive.