Open AccessMagnetospheric and auroral activity during the 18 April 2002 sawtooth event
Author(s) -
Henderson M. G.,
Reeves G. D.,
Skoug R.,
Thomsen M. F.,
Denton M. H.,
Mende S. B.,
Immel T. J.,
Brandt P. C.,
Singer H. J.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: space physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/2005ja011111
Subject(s) - sawtooth wave , substorm , physics , magnetosphere , geophysics , geosynchronous orbit , flux (metallurgy) , astrophysics , solar wind , plasma , atmospheric sciences , astronomy , satellite , materials science , quantum mechanics , computer science , metallurgy , computer vision
We examine the 18 April 2002 sawtooth event. We find that the strong magnetic field dipolarizations observed in association with each tooth are not global in occurrence but are rather confined to the nightside. In addition, we find that the flux increases are not globally dispersionless. Instead, each tooth is associated with a nonglobal, but wider‐than‐usual, dispersionless injection region that is consistent with the high Kp versions of the standard injection boundary model (which places the entire nightside segment of geosynchronous orbit tailward of the injection boundary for values of Kp above about 5). We also find evidence that at least one of the teeth was likely triggered by a pressure pulse. The auroral distribution shows a repeatable evolution in which a wide double‐oval configuration gradually thins. Following this, a localized substorm‐like brightening in the dusk to midnight sector occurs on the lower branch of the double oval which subsequently expands rapidly poleward and azimuthally. A new expanded double oval configuration emerges from this expansion phase activity and the cycle repeats itself for the duration of the sawtooth event. The observations presented give considerable support to the contention that sawtooth events are actually sequences of quasi‐periodic substorms. We suggest that sawtooth events can be viewed as a magnetospheric mode similar to Steady Magnetospheric Convection intervals (SMCs) except that for sawtooth events, the flow of energy from the solar wind into the magnetosphere becomes too large to dissipate without the periodic occurrence of substorms. We further suggest that the quasi‐periodicity arises because the magnetosphere may only become susceptible to external or internal triggering after it has been driven beyond a stability threshold. This hypothesis can account for the existence of more potential external triggers (in the interplanetary magnetic field or solar wind) than teeth in that the magnetosphere may be selectively responsive to them.