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Centennial‐scale interactions between the carbon cycle and anthropogenic climate change using a dynamic Earth system model
Author(s) -
Winguth A.,
Mikolajewicz U.,
Gröger M.,
MaierReimer E.,
Schurgers G.,
Vizcaíno M.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2005gl023681
Subject(s) - environmental science , carbon cycle , atmosphere (unit) , climate change , atmospheric carbon cycle , carbon fibers , atmospheric sciences , climatology , outgassing , oceanography , ecosystem , geology , ecology , meteorology , geography , chemistry , composite number , composite material , organic chemistry , materials science , biology
A complex Earth system model including atmosphere, ocean, ice sheets, marine carbon cycle and terrestrial vegetation was used to study the long‐term response (100–1000 yrs) of the climate to different increased atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. A 3.2 K global mean surface temperature increase is simulated for a 3xCO 2 experiment. The freshwater input by melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet due to global warming is of minor importance compared to hydrological changes in the atmosphere. Increased equatorial upwelling enhances the tropical outgassing of CO 2 from the oceans, lowering the total marine carbon uptake by 16–22%. On land, carbon release due to increase in soil temperature reduces the anthropogenic carbon uptake from CO 2 fertilization up to 43%. Thus, we show that both marine and terrestrial carbon cycle have a positive feedback on climate, which has to be considered for future carbon emission scenarios.