Open AccessForecasting and monitoring a subglacial eruption in Iceland
Author(s) -
Vogfjörd K. S.,
Jakobsdóttir S. S.,
Gudmundsson G. B.,
Roberts M. J.,
Ágústsson K.,
Arason T.,
Geirsson H.,
Karlsdóttir S.,
Hjaltadóttir S.,
Ólafsdóttir U.,
Thorbjarnardóttir B.,
Hafsteinsson G.,
Sveinbjörnsson H.,
Stefánsson R.,
Jónsson T. V.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
eos, transactions american geophysical union
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.316
H-Index - 86
eISSN - 2324-9250
pISSN - 0096-3941
DOI - 10.1029/2005eo260001
Subject(s) - volcano , icelandic , geology , geodetic datum , seismology , volcanic hazards , phreatic eruption , warning system , magma , geodesy , engineering , linguistics , philosophy , aerospace engineering
The recognition of geophysical precursors to volcanic activity is a primary challenge in volcano monitoring. That challenge was successfully met by scientists at the Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) before the 1 November 2004 eruption of Grímsvötn, a subglacial volcano beneath the Vatnajökull ice cap,Iceland (Figure 1). Seismic and geodetic precursors were properly recognized, leading to a timely eruption forecast and warning announcements. During the eruption, IMO's monitoring capability was greatly expanded by employing geophysical and meteorological observation tools, which enabled real‐time hazard assessment.