Open AccessIsland wakes in the Southern California Bight
Author(s) -
Caldeira R. M. A.,
Marchesiello P.,
Nezlin N. P.,
DiGiacomo P. M.,
McWilliams J. C.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/2004jc002675
Subject(s) - thermocline , eddy , geology , current (fluid) , oceanography , sea surface temperature , climatology , water mass , ocean current , wake , mixed layer , wind stress , atmospheric sciences , meteorology , turbulence , geography , engineering , aerospace engineering
Wind‐ and current‐induced island wakes were investigated using a multiplatform approach of in situ, remote sensing, and numerical model simulations for the Southern California Bight (SCB). Island wind wakes are a result of sheltering from the wind, with weak wind mixing, strong heat storage, and consequent high sea surface temperature (SST). Wind wakes around Santa Catalina Island are most persistent during spring and summer months. Current wakes, caused by the disruption of the poleward traveling California Countercurrent, induce eddies to form off the north end of Catalina Island, and these move poleward every 9–12 days. Current wake eddies induce strong mixing, with low SST and high‐density sea surface signatures, whereas wind wakes induce high sea surface temperature signatures associated with the formation of a well‐defined shallow thermocline. Current wake eddies vary from 1 to 30 km in diameter. From numerical solutions we predicted the frequency of occurrence of current‐induced wakes off Santa Catalina Island. Wind wakes were also observed off all the other islands of the SCB as seen from the analysis of synthetic aperture radar data. Time series analysis of the island mass effect phenomenon has shown a concurrence of low SST and high sea surface chlorophyll for Santa Catalina, San Nicholas, and San Clemente islands that might be related to the seasonality of the California Current and California Countercurrent. Future oceanographic research in the SCB should not ignore the occurrence of wind‐ and current‐induced island features since they may be important in the transport and/or retention of nutrients, pollutants, and plankton.