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Natural and anthropogenic modes of surface temperature variations in the last thousand years
Author(s) -
Zorita E.,
GonzálezRouco J. F.,
von Storch H.,
Montávez J. P.,
Valero F.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2004gl021563
Subject(s) - forcing (mathematics) , climatology , northern hemisphere , volcano , southern hemisphere , atmosphere (unit) , surface air temperature , atmospheric sciences , period (music) , solar variation , mode (computer interface) , spatial variability , environmental science , atmospheric circulation , atmospheric temperature , natural (archaeology) , climate model , geology , climate change , oceanography , geography , meteorology , paleontology , physics , statistics , mathematics , seismology , computer science , acoustics , operating system
The spatial patterns of surface air‐temperature variations in the period 1000 to 2100, simulated with the ECHO‐G atmosphere‐ocean coupled model, are analyzed. The model was driven by solar, volcanic and greenhouse gas forcing. The leading mode of temperature variability in the preindustrial period represents an almost global coherent variation of temperatures, with larger amplitudes over the continents and Northern Hemisphere. This mode also describes a large part of the spatial structure of the warming simulated in the 21st century. However, in the 21st century, regional departures from this spatial structure are also present and can be ascribed to atmospheric circulation responses to anthropogenic forcing in the last decades of the 21st century.