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Linking land‐atmosphere‐stream carbon fluxes in a lowland peatland system
Author(s) -
Billett M. F.,
Palmer S. M.,
Hope D.,
Deacon C.,
StoretonWest R.,
Hargreaves K. J.,
Flechard C.,
Fowler D.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
global biogeochemical cycles
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.512
H-Index - 187
eISSN - 1944-9224
pISSN - 0886-6236
DOI - 10.1029/2003gb002058
Subject(s) - peat , environmental science , hydrology (agriculture) , sink (geography) , carbon sink , drainage basin , ecosystem respiration , carbon cycle , atmosphere (unit) , ecosystem , carbon dioxide , flux (metallurgy) , temperate climate , greenhouse gas , primary production , dissolved organic carbon , atmospheric sciences , environmental chemistry , ecology , chemistry , geology , oceanography , geotechnical engineering , geography , biology , physics , cartography , organic chemistry , thermodynamics
Any change in the ability of northern peatlands to act as a sink for atmospheric CO 2 will play a crucial part in the response of the Earth system to global warming. We argue that a true assessment of the sink‐source relationships of peatland ecosystems requires that losses of C in drainage waters be included when determining annual net C uptake, thus connecting measurements of stream C fluxes with those made at the land surface‐atmosphere interface. This was done by combining estimates of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) with stream water measurements of TOC, DIC, and gaseous C loss, in a 335‐ha lowland temperate peatland catchment (55°48.80′N, 03°14.40′W) in central Scotland over a 2‐year period (1996–1998). Mean annual downstream C flux was 304 (±62) kg C ha −1 yr −1 , of which total organic carbon (TOC) contributed 93%, the remainder being dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and free CO 2 . At the catchment outlet evasion loss of CO 2 from the stream surface was estimated to be an additional 46 kg C ha −1 yr −1 . Over the study period, NEE of CO 2 ‐C resulted in a flux from the atmosphere to the land surface of 278 (±25) kg C ha −1 yr −1 . Net C loss in drainage water, including both the downstream flux and CO 2 evasion from the stream surface to the atmosphere, was therefore greater or equal to the net annual C uptake as a result of photosynthesis/respiration at the land surface. By combining these and other flux terms, the overall C mass balance suggests that this system was either acting as a terrestrial C source or was C neutral.