Open AccessWater‐soluble dicarboxylic acids in the tropospheric aerosols collected over east Asia and western North Pacific by ACE‐Asia C‐130 aircraft
Author(s) -
Kawamura K.,
Umemoto N.,
Mochida M.,
Bertram T.,
Howell S.,
Huebert B. J.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/2002jd003256
Subject(s) - oxalic acid , dicarboxylic acid , total organic carbon , succinic acid , troposphere , aerosol , environmental chemistry , malonic acid , east asia , chemistry , environmental science , atmospheric sciences , geology , organic chemistry , geography , archaeology , china
Tropospheric aerosols were collected during C‐130 aircraft campaign over the east Asia/Pacific region in April to May 2001 and were analyzed for low molecular weight dicarboxylic acids. Homologous series of C 2 –C 5 dicarboxylic acids were detected, for the first time, in the polluted troposphere in the Asian region using aircraft. Oxalic acid (C 2 ) was found to be the most abundant species followed by malonic (C 3 ) or succinic (C 4 ) acid. Total concentrations of C 2 –C 5 diacids (44–870 ng m −3 , average 310 ng m −3 ) are similar to those reported in urban Tokyo near the ground level. Concentrations of oxalic acid showed a positive correlation (r 2 = 0.70) with total organic carbon (TOC), although other diacids showed weaker positive correlation. These results suggest that water‐soluble dicarboxylic acids and TOC were emitted from similar sources on the ground in the Asian continent and/or produced by the photochemical oxidation of anthropogenic organic compounds in the atmosphere. The diacid‐carbons were found to comprise 0.2–3.3% (average 1.8%) of TOC. Water‐soluble dicarboxylic acids may play an important role in controlling the chemical and physical properties of organic aerosols in the polluted troposphere over the east Asia and the western Pacific.