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Dynamical relationship of infrared cloudtop temperatures with occurrence rates of cloud‐to‐ground lightning and sprites
Author(s) -
São Sabbas F. T.,
Sentman D. D.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2002gl015382
Subject(s) - sprite (computer graphics) , lightning detection , lightning (connector) , infrared , growth rate , atmospheric sciences , population , astrophysics , environmental science , meteorology , convection , physics , geology , thunderstorm , optics , geometry , thermodynamics , mathematics , power (physics) , demography , sociology , computer science , computer vision
We correlated cloudtop temperatures obtained from GOES‐8 infrared images, lightning data from the National Lightning Detection Network, and triangulated nadir positions of sprites from a 22 July 1996 Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) over Kansas. The maximum sprite production of the MCS occurred during the transition between growth and decay phases of the system, and when the occurrence rate of negative cloud‐to‐ground (−CG) flash activity maximized. The −CG flash rate was maximum when the overlying cloudtop temperatures T c were minimum, −69° to −72°C. During the MCS growth phase, the −CG occurrence rate increased smoothly with decreasing T c , and declined with increasing T c during the decay phase. By way of contrast, the +CG rate remained associated with approximately constant T c (−69° and −72°C) during the growth phase, and then also declined with increasing T c during the decay phase. The sprite‐generating +CGs occurred in regions with cloudtop temperatures 2–3°C warmer than the rest of the +CG population.