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Coral oxygen isotope evidence for recent groundwater fluxes to the Australian Great Barrier Reef
Author(s) -
Gagan Michael K.,
Ayliffe Linda K.,
Opdyke Bradley N.,
Hopley David,
ScottGagan Heather,
Cowley Joan
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2002gl015336
Subject(s) - groundwater recharge , oceanography , groundwater , porites , geology , seawater , reef , coral , coral reef , aragonite , hydrology (agriculture) , environmental science , aquifer , geochemistry , geotechnical engineering , calcite
High‐resolution measurements of Sr/Ca and 18 O/ 16 O in mid‐Holocene and modern Porites corals were used to derive a history of freshwater fluxes to the Australian Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Interannual variations in dry‐season seawater 18 O/ 16 O evident in the coral record for the late 20th century, but not 6200 years ago, correlate with variations in groundwater recharge of coastal aquifers. The results suggest that a delay in groundwater recharge following the post‐glacial sea‐level rise, and recent deforestation for agriculture, may have lead to higher land‐sea hydraulic gradients and greater groundwater discharge to the GBR today. Oxygen‐isotope mass balance calculations show that ∼3% in‐mixing of CO 2 ‐enriched groundwater could raise the partial pressure of CO 2 in coastal seawater by ∼90 μatm following strong summer monsoons. Consequently, modern nearshore corals in the GBR may now be subjected to lower aragonite saturation states, which could reduce coral calcification and contribute to recent reef degradation.