Open AccessDeep crustal structure of the Chicxulub impact crater
Author(s) -
Christeson Gail L.,
Nakamura Yosio,
Buffler Richard T.,
Morgan Jo,
Warner Mike
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: solid earth
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/2001jb000337
Subject(s) - impact crater , geology , breccia , submarine pipeline , seismology , structural basin , geomorphology , petrology , physics , geotechnical engineering , astronomy
We present the results of a wide‐angle seismic survey conducted over the Chicxulub impact crater. Profile Chicx‐A/A1 is a chord across the offshore portion of the crater, and Chicx‐B/F is an onshore‐offshore profile through the center of the crater. We use travel times recorded by 32 ocean bottom seismograph and 19 land‐based receivers to model the crustal structure of the crater. The primary feature in the shallow velocity structure is a low‐velocity Tertiary basin, the edge of which correlates with a steep gravity gradient in some regions of our survey. Directly beneath the Tertiary basin at the center of the crater is a region of relatively low velocities and densities that is interpreted as a unit of melt rocks (either suevite breccias with isolated melt pods or suevite breccias overlying a coherent melt sheet). This unit has a thickness of ∼1 km and a diameter of ∼100 km. Central uplift with a diameter of 40–60 km is observed on Chicx‐B/F. A lower limit on the vertical extent of uplift is 9 km. Shallow basement is also observed along the northwest portion of Chicx‐B/F, associated with a prominent northwest trending high in the gravity field. Superimposed on a regional trend is Moho uplift of ∼1 km near the center of the Chicx‐A/A1 profile, with adjacent Moho deepening of ∼1.25–1.5 km. The Moho topography may be related to deformation processes associated with the formation of the outer ring or to the excavation and collapse of the transient cavity.