Open AccessSolar cycle changes in coronal holes and space weather cycles
Author(s) -
Luhmann J. G.,
Li Y.,
Arge C. N.,
Gazis P. R.,
Ulrich R.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: space physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/2001ja007550
Subject(s) - coronal hole , interplanetary magnetic field , space weather , physics , solar wind , coronal mass ejection , magnetogram , corona (planetary geology) , interplanetary spaceflight , solar observatory , coronal loop , solar cycle , middle latitudes , solar minimum , geophysics , astronomy , atmospheric sciences , magnetic field , magnetic flux , astrobiology , quantum mechanics , venus
Potential field source surface models of the coronal magnetic field, based on Mt. Wilson Observatory synoptic magnetograms, are used to infer the coronal hole sources of low‐heliolatitude solar wind over approximately the last three solar cycles. Related key parameters like interplanetary magnetic field and bulk velocity are also calculated. The results illustrate how the evolving contribution of the polar hole sources relative to that from low‐latitude and midlatitude active region hole sources can explain solar magnetic field control of long‐term interplanetary variations. In particular, the enduring consistent magnetogram record and continuous model displays produce a useful overview of the solar control of interplanetary cycles and trends that affect space weather.