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Non‐stationary entrainment and tunneling eruptions: A dynamic link between eruption processes and magma mixing
Author(s) -
Bergantz George W.,
Breidenthal Robert E.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/2001gl013304
Subject(s) - mafic , geology , entrainment (biomusicology) , silicic , pluton , igneous differentiation , magma , volcano , geochemistry , batholith , buoyancy , petrology , geophysics , mechanics , seismology , tectonics , physics , rhythm , acoustics
The products of many intermediate arc volcanoes and batholiths manifest compositional complexity with mafic and mixed material occurring early and through‐out a period of eruption and pluton assembly. We present a vesiculation model suggesting that the progressive and repeated vesiculation of volatile‐rich magmas yields a super‐linear buoyancy acceleration. This style of non‐stationary entrainment provides a mechanism for compositional reversal, the intimate co‐occurrence of mixed and un‐mixed magmas, and rapid, chaotic crystal and melt dispersal. Under some circumstances, entrainment can cease entirely, producing eruptions with compositional tunneling where nearly unmixed mafic, or newly intruded silicic magma, exits first.