Open AccessVariations of ƒCO 2 and air‐sea flux of CO 2 in the Greenland Sea gyre using high‐frequency time series data from CARIOCA drift buoys
Author(s) -
Hood E. M.,
Merlivat L.,
Johannessen T.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.67
H-Index - 298
eISSN - 2156-2202
pISSN - 0148-0227
DOI - 10.1029/1999jc900130
Subject(s) - ocean gyre , flux (metallurgy) , sea surface temperature , environmental science , sea ice , climatology , geology , atmosphere (unit) , oceanography , wind speed , atmospheric sciences , meteorology , geography , chemistry , subtropics , fishery , biology , organic chemistry
A 6 month, high‐frequency (hourly) time series of ƒCO 2 and sea surface temperature measured by CARIOCA drift buoys in the Greenland Sea gyre is presented. The ƒCO 2 shows the effects of photosynthetic activity in the summer, with ƒCO 2 values as low as 260 μatm, followed by an increase to approximately 310 μatm in the late fall and winter due to mixing with CO 2 ‐rich deep water from below, remineralization, and gas exchange. The time series shows that ƒCO 2 in the Greenland Sea gyre is undersaturated with respect to the atmosphere year‐round, having an average ΔƒCO 2 of −71 μatm. Linear correlations between the measured ƒCO 2 normalized to a constant temperature of −1°C and sea surface temperature (SST) are used to construct high‐resolution ƒCO 2 and air‐sea CO 2 flux maps for the Greenland Sea gyre area using SST and wind speed data from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasting and ice information from the Special Sensor Microwave / Imager on a 0.5° × 0.5° grid. The CO 2 flux for the Greenland Sea gyre calculated for 1996–1997 considering the effects of blockage of gas exchange by sea ice is estimated to be −2.4 to −4.2 × 10 12 g C yr −1 depending on the gas exchange parameterization used.