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Acid gas and metal emission rates during long‐lived basalt degassing at Stromboli Volcano
Author(s) -
Allard Patrick,
Aiuppa Alessandro,
Loyer Henri,
Carrot Francine,
Gaudry André,
Pinte Guy,
Michel Agnès,
Dongarrà Gaetano
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1029/1999gl008413
Subject(s) - volcano , geology , magma , geochemistry , basalt , plume , volcanic gases , fumarole , volatiles , subaerial , mineralogy , physics , thermodynamics
The discharge of acid gases and metals from Stromboli is determined from airborne and ground‐based filter sampling of particulate matter in the volcanic plume, combined with COSPEC measurements of SO 2 fluxes. Smaller particle sizes and high enrichment factors distinguish the most volatile elements (by order: S, Se, Br, Cl, Cd, Bi, In, As, Sb, Sn, F, Au, Pb, Cr, Cu) from those strictly (Fe, Mn, REE, Sc, Sr, Th, Ti, V) or mainly (Al, Ba, Ca, Co, K, Na, U) derived from volcanic ash. Time‐averaged volatile fluxes show that Stromboli is a representative arc emittor, producing 1–2% of the global volcanic budget of sulfur, halogens and several trace metals, while 15–25% of volcanic emissions of Bi, Cd, Cs, Pb and Sn in southern Italy. Subaerial degassing of its S‐Cl‐rich shoshonitic magma over the last 2 ky of similar activity may have released as much copper and gold as is encountered in magma‐derived high‐sulfidation ore deposits.