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Sex differences in symptoms of posttraumatic stress: Does culture play a role?
Author(s) -
Norris Fran H.,
Perilla Julia L.,
Ibañez Gladys E.,
Murphy Arthur D.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of traumatic stress
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.259
H-Index - 134
eISSN - 1573-6598
pISSN - 0894-9867
DOI - 10.1023/a:1007851413867
Subject(s) - masculinity , psychology , posttraumatic stress , arousal , remorse , femininity , ethnic group , clinical psychology , developmental psychology , social psychology , sociology , psychoanalysis , anthropology
If gender differences in posttraumatic stress disorder follow from culturally‐defined roles and rules, they should be greater in societies that foster traditional views of masculinity and femininity than in societies that adhere to these traditions less rigidly. Data were collected 6 months after Hurricanes Paulina (Acapulco; N = 200) and Andrew (Miami; White n = 135; Black n = 135). In regression analyses predicting scores on the Revised Civilian Mississippi Scale, Sex × Cultural Group interactions emerged for the total scale and for subscales of Intrusion, Avoidance, and Remorse. Only a sex main effect (women higher) emerged for Arousal. Overall, the results indicated that Mexican culture amplified, whereas African American culture attenuated, differences in the posttraumatic stress of male and female disaster victims.