Open AccessTumor Vasculature Targeted Photodynamic Therapy for Enhanced Delivery of Nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Zipeng Zhen,
Wei Tang,
YenJun Chuang,
Trever Todd,
Weizhong Zhang,
Xin Lin,
Gang Niu,
Gang Liu,
Lianchun Wang,
Zhengwei Pan,
Xiaoyuan Chen,
Jin Xie
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
acs nano
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.554
H-Index - 382
eISSN - 1936-086X
pISSN - 1936-0851
DOI - 10.1021/nn501134q
Subject(s) - nanomedicine , photodynamic therapy , extravasation , nanoparticle , materials science , nanotechnology , cancer research , medicine , chemistry , pathology , organic chemistry
Delivery of nanoparticle drugs to tumors relies heavily on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. While many consider the effect to be equally effective on all tumors, it varies drastically among the tumors' origins, stages, and organs, owing much to differences in vessel leakiness. Suboptimal EPR effect represents a major problem in the translation of nanomedicine to the clinic. In the present study, we introduce a photodynamic therapy (PDT)-based EPR enhancement technology. The method uses RGD-modified ferritin (RFRT) as "smart" carriers that site-specifically deliver (1)O2 to the tumor endothelium. The photodynamic stimulus can cause permeabilized tumor vessels that facilitate extravasation of nanoparticles at the sites. The method has proven to be safe, selective, and effective. Increased tumor uptake was observed with a wide range of nanoparticles by as much as 20.08-fold. It is expected that the methodology can find wide applications in the area of nanomedicine.