Open AccessDirect Analysis of Doping Agents in Raw Urine Using Hydrophobic Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry
Author(s) -
Eduardo Luiz Rossini,
Dmytro S. Kulyk,
Emelia Ansu-Gyeabourh,
Taghi Sahraeian,
Helena Redigolo Pezza,
Abraham K. BaduTawiah
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of the american society for mass spectrometry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.961
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1879-1123
pISSN - 1044-0305
DOI - 10.1021/jasms.0c00063
Subject(s) - chemistry , chromatography , mass spectrometry , repeatability , orbitrap , clenbuterol , hydrochlorothiazide , urine , sample preparation , analytical chemistry (journal) , biochemistry , medicine , blood pressure , radiology
In this study, the direct analysis of doping agents in urine samples with no sample preparation by a modified paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) methodology has been demonstrated for the first time. We have described a paper surface treatment with trichloromethylsilane using a gas-phase reaction to increase the ionization of target compounds. This approach was applied for the analysis of two classes of banned substances in urine samples: anabolic agents (trenbolone and clenbuterol) and diuretics (furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide). Under optimized conditions, the developed methods presented satisfactory repeatability, and an analysis of variance showed linearity without lack-of-fit. Highly sensitive detections as low as sub-nanogram per milliliter levels, which is below the minimum required performance levels proposed by the World Anti-Doping Agency, have been reached using the hydrophobic PS-MS analysis without any preconcentration and cleanup step.